对于音频,有一条 3dB 规则,规定声级变化 3 分贝相当于声音功率或强度加倍或减半。然而,对于射频,有一条 6dB 规则,规定 1 个 S 单位的变化相当于 6 分贝,相当于电压比为 XNUMX,或功率比为 XNUMX。
使用单参考天线时,驻波比为 1.0:1 时的有效辐射功率 (ERP) 为 100 瓦,而驻波比为 2.0:1 时,有效辐射功率则变为 88.9 瓦。请记住,要使发射信号强度增加 1 个 S 单位,需要将发射功率提高 400%。参考下表,您会发现,驻波比从 1.0:1 增加到 2.0:1 时,每增加 1 个 S 单位,信号损耗约为 2.78%,这在接收端几乎无法察觉。
* ERP = 有效辐射功率百分比
| SWR | 电力损失百分比 | ERP* | S单位百分比差异(接收方) |
| 1.0:1 | 0.00% | 100.00% | 0.00% |
| 1.1:1 | 0.20% | 99.80% | 0.05% |
| 1.2:1 | 0.80% | 99.20% | 0.20% |
| 1.3:1 | 1.70% | 98.30% | 0.43% |
| 1.4:1 | 2.80% | 97.20% | 0.70% |
| 1.5:1 | 4.00% | 96.00% | 1.00% |
| 1.6:1 | 5.30% | 94.70% | 1.33% |
| 1.7:1 | 6.70% | 93.30% | 1.68% |
| 1.8:1 | 8.20% | 91.80% | 2.05% |
| 1.9:1 | 9.60% | 90.40% | 2.40% |
| 2.0:1 | 11.10% | 88.90% | 2.78% |
| 2.1:1 | 12.60% | 87.40% | 3.15% |
| 2.2:1 | 14.10% | 85.90% | 3.53% |
| 2.3:1 | 15.50% | 84.50% | 3.88% |
| 2.4:1 | 17.00% | 83.00% | 4.25% |
| 2.5:1 | 18.40% | 81.60% | 4.60% |
| 2.6:1 | 19.80% | 80.20% | 4.95% |
| 2.7:1 | 21.10% | 78.90% | 5.28% |
| 2.8:1 | 22.40% | 77.60% | 5.60% |
| 2.9:1 | 23.70% | 76.30% | 5.93% |
| 3.0:1 | 25.00% | 75.00% | 6.25% |
| 4.0:1 | 36.00% | 64.00% | 9.00% |
| 5.0:1 | 44.40% | 55.60% | 11.10% |
| 6.0:1 | 51.00% | 49.00% | 12.75% |
| 7.0:1 | 56.30% | 43.80% | 14.05% |
| 8.0:1 | 60.50% | 39.50% | 15.13% |
| 9.0:1 | 64.00% | 36.00% | 16.00% |
| 10.0:1 | 66.90% | 33.10% | 16.73% |
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